Hernias 101: What You Need to Know

Hernias are a common medical condition that can cause significant discomfort and complications if not properly treated. At Core Surgical, we understand the importance of providing accurate information and expert care for hernia patients. Let’s take a look at the basics of hernias, including their causes, types, and when to seek expert medical care from a hernia specialist.

What is a Hernia?

A hernia occurs when an internal organ or tissue pushes through a weak spot or tear in the muscle or connective tissue that usually contains it. This often results in a visible bulge or lump and can cause pain or discomfort, particularly when coughing, bending, or lifting heavy objects.

Common Causes of Hernias

Several factors can contribute to the development of a hernia, including:

• Muscle Weakness: Natural aging or congenital defects can weaken muscles, making it easier for hernias to form.
• Strain on the Body: Heavy lifting, chronic coughing, or straining during bowel movements can put additional pressure on the abdominal and groin muscles.
• Previous Surgery: Incisions from previous surgeries can leave weak spots in the abdominal wall, increasing the risk of developing an incisional hernia.
• Obesity: Excess body weight adds pressure to the abdominal muscles, making them more susceptible to hernias.
• Pregnancy: The added weight and pressure on the abdomen during pregnancy can contribute to the formation of hernias.

Types of Hernias

Hernias can occur in various parts of the body, but some of the most common types include:

• Inguinal Hernia: Inguinal hernias occur in the groin area and are more common in men than women. They happen when a part of the intestine or bladder pushes through the abdominal wall or into the inguinal canal.
• Femoral Hernia: Femoral hernias appear in the upper thigh, just below the groin. They are more common in women, especially those who are pregnant or obese.
• Umbilical Hernia: Umbilical hernias occur near the belly button when part of the intestine protrudes through the abdominal wall. They are common in newborns but can also affect adults.
• Hiatal Hernia: A hiatal hernia occurs when part of the stomach pushes up through the diaphragm into the chest cavity. This type of hernia can cause gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and other digestive issues.
• Incisional Hernia: Incisional hernias develop at the site of a previous surgical incision. They occur when the abdominal wall fails to heal properly, leaving a weak spot where tissues or organs can protrude.

When to Seek Expert Medical Care

While some hernias may not cause immediate symptoms, it is essential to seek expert medical care if you experience any of the following:

• Pain or Discomfort: Persistent or severe pain at the hernia site, especially when coughing, bending, or lifting, should be evaluated by a hernia specialist.
• Bulge or Lump: A noticeable bulge or lump in the abdomen or groin that does not go away or worsens over time.
• Nausea or Vomiting: These symptoms can indicate a strangulated hernia, a serious condition where the blood supply to the herniated tissue is cut off.
• Difficulty with Bowel Movements: Constipation or difficulty passing gas can be a sign of a bowel obstruction caused by a hernia.
• Redness or Swelling: Any signs of infection, such as redness, warmth, or swelling at the hernia site, require prompt medical attention.

Hernias are a common yet potentially serious condition that requires proper diagnosis and treatment. Understanding the causes and types of hernias can help you recognize the signs and know when to seek expert medical care. At Core Surgical, our team of experienced hernia specialists is dedicated to providing comprehensive and compassionate care for all types of hernias. If you suspect you have a hernia or are experiencing any related symptoms, schedule a consultation with us today at our facility in NYC for a thorough evaluation and personalized treatment plan. Your health and well-being are our top priorities.